1. What is computer network? Explain.
=Computer network means two or more computers connected to each other to share data, hardware, software and other resources.
2. List the three major components of computer network.
= The three major components of computer network are:
* NIC (Network Interface Card)
* Connectors
* Bridge
3. Define NOS and Protocol.
* Connectors
* Bridge
3. Define NOS and Protocol.
= NOS (Network Operating System) is the group of programs that manages the resources on the network. And protocols are the set of rules that are followed by the sender and receiver to make communication possible.
4. What is communication channel? List its types with examples.
= communication channel is a medium through which data or signals can be transmitted from one point to another.it's examples are:
*guided/bounded media
5. Write short notes on twisted pair and Co axial cable.
= Twisted pair: These kinds of wires are made of copper and pair of wires are twisted together. They are normally used to connect devices to a shorter distance.as they are inexpensive mediums of data transmission. They are easier to install and use. Twisted pairs are available in two forms: Unshielded twisted pair(UTP)and shielded twisted pair(STP)
Co axial cable: It is a wire with single-ended single reference where the central conductor carries the data signals. The central conductor is usually made with copper wire.an insulator surrounds the conductor. This insulator is also covered by a thick
Material, which is called jacket.it provides
better noise rejection than other cables.it is mostly used with
BNC,T-connectors and terminators in bus topology of a computer network and
cable network. Its maximum speed is 10 Mbps.
6. Write short notes on fiber
optic cable and radio wave or microwave.
= Fiber optic cable: These are one of the costlier cables in data communication.it uses light to carry a data signal through the cable.it uses a thin thread of glass to conduct light from one end of the cable to another end.fibre optics uses light signals rather than electricity. The connectors used in fiber optics are screw-mounted adaptor (SMA) or straight tip connectors(ST),subscriber connector(SC) and ferrule connector(FC).it's main disadvantage is, it is costlier to produce, maintain and install.
Microwaves: Its is also called line of sight communication .it is a wireless technology that can be used to transmit data between two different networks or computers.microwave travels at higher frequency than radio waves.microwave transmision requires the sender to be inside of the reciever. its types are:
*terrestrial microwave
*satellite microwave
7.Write short notes on NIC and Hub
= Network Interface Card(NIC): It is a hardware device that acts as an interface through which a computer is connected to a network.
Hub: It is device with multiple points or ports.it acts as a central point from where different computers and other devices are connected.it also amplifies the signal and sends them to all connected devices.the hub is mostly used in physical star topology.
8.Write short notes on Repeater and Router.
= Repeater: It is a device that amplifies the incoming signals,creates a new copy of it and transmits the signals on the network.
Router: It is an intelligent device that connects two different networks.
9.write short notes on bridge,gateway and MODEM.
= bridge: It is a device that connects two or more similar types of network.
MODEM:It is the short from of modulator-demodulator .this is a device used to transfer the data of one computer to another using telephone lines.
10.Write short notes on Client/server and Peer to Peer network.
=client -server network: It consists at least one server and one or more clients or workstations,where users do their work.it provides better security of data.
peer to peer network: It is a group of computers which functions both as servers and workstations to share data,information and other resources of the network.
11.Define server and Workstation.
=Server is the main computer that provides services,data and other resources to the other computers in network environment.for example mail server,print server etc.And the workstation is a computer where the client works.
12.list the types of network.And write short notes on LAN.
=The types of network are:
*local Area Network(LAN)
*Metropolitan Area Network(MAN)
*Wide Area Network(WAN)
LAN: It is a network of computers that are relatively near to each other and are connected in a way that enables them to communicate by cable and small wireless device.
13.What is topology? write short notes on star topology with diagram.
=The arrangement or connection patterns of computers or nodes and other devices of a network is known as topology.
Star topology: In star topology all computers or network devices are connected through a central devices called hub or switch.the computers are connected to the hub or switch using unshielded twisted pair,shielded twisted pair or fiver optics cables.this is the most popular network topology used to connect computers and other devices in a network.
14. 14.Write short notes on bus and ring topology with diagram.
=In bus topology,computer and other devices are arranged in a linear format .it uses a common backbone or wire to connect all the computers and devices.the backbone is called bus.
In ring topology computers are connected in the shape of circle without any end point.each workstation contains two neighbors for communication or an input and an output connection.
15.Write short notes on MAN and WAN.
=Metropolitan Area Network(MAN): It is a network of computers which is spread over a metropolitan area such as within a city.
Wide Area Network(WAN): It is a network system of connecting two or more computers generally across a wide geographical area such as cities,districts and countries.
16. What are the advantages and disadvantages of network.
= Advantages of network are:
*Computers in the network can access the network-connected hardware devices like printers,disk drivers etc
*Information can be exchanged rapidly in computer network.so,it makes communication very fast.
*Communication made bye a computer network is very cheap.
*Computers in a network system share different software packages.
Disadvantages of network are:
*Failure of server stops application being available.
*Network failure may cause loss of data.
*User work dependents upon a network.
*The system opens to hackers.
*terrestrial microwave
*satellite microwave
7.Write short notes on NIC and Hub
= Network Interface Card(NIC): It is a hardware device that acts as an interface through which a computer is connected to a network.
Hub: It is device with multiple points or ports.it acts as a central point from where different computers and other devices are connected.it also amplifies the signal and sends them to all connected devices.the hub is mostly used in physical star topology.
= Repeater: It is a device that amplifies the incoming signals,creates a new copy of it and transmits the signals on the network.
Router: It is an intelligent device that connects two different networks.
9.write short notes on bridge,gateway and MODEM.
= bridge: It is a device that connects two or more similar types of network.
MODEM:It is the short from of modulator-demodulator .this is a device used to transfer the data of one computer to another using telephone lines.
10.Write short notes on Client/server and Peer to Peer network.
=client -server network: It consists at least one server and one or more clients or workstations,where users do their work.it provides better security of data.
peer to peer network: It is a group of computers which functions both as servers and workstations to share data,information and other resources of the network.
11.Define server and Workstation.
=Server is the main computer that provides services,data and other resources to the other computers in network environment.for example mail server,print server etc.And the workstation is a computer where the client works.
12.list the types of network.And write short notes on LAN.
=The types of network are:
*local Area Network(LAN)
*Metropolitan Area Network(MAN)
*Wide Area Network(WAN)
LAN: It is a network of computers that are relatively near to each other and are connected in a way that enables them to communicate by cable and small wireless device.
13.What is topology? write short notes on star topology with diagram.
=The arrangement or connection patterns of computers or nodes and other devices of a network is known as topology.
Star topology: In star topology all computers or network devices are connected through a central devices called hub or switch.the computers are connected to the hub or switch using unshielded twisted pair,shielded twisted pair or fiver optics cables.this is the most popular network topology used to connect computers and other devices in a network.
14. 14.Write short notes on bus and ring topology with diagram.=In bus topology,computer and other devices are arranged in a linear format .it uses a common backbone or wire to connect all the computers and devices.the backbone is called bus.
In ring topology computers are connected in the shape of circle without any end point.each workstation contains two neighbors for communication or an input and an output connection.
15.Write short notes on MAN and WAN.
=Metropolitan Area Network(MAN): It is a network of computers which is spread over a metropolitan area such as within a city.
Wide Area Network(WAN): It is a network system of connecting two or more computers generally across a wide geographical area such as cities,districts and countries.
16. What are the advantages and disadvantages of network.
= Advantages of network are:
*Computers in the network can access the network-connected hardware devices like printers,disk drivers etc
*Information can be exchanged rapidly in computer network.so,it makes communication very fast.
*Communication made bye a computer network is very cheap.
*Computers in a network system share different software packages.
Disadvantages of network are:
*Failure of server stops application being available.
*Network failure may cause loss of data.
*User work dependents upon a network.
*The system opens to hackers.
